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Q1:Add or subtract the following measurements. Be sure each answer you enter contains the correct number of significant digits. 18.877 g 1.40 g 6.92 g 1.3 g 18.770 g + 0.77 g = = = g g 0 X SSee Answer
Q2:1) a) A bare Si wafer is oxidized in dry O₂ at 1000 °C. The desired final thickness is 40 nm. i) Find the time required to perform the oxidation, ignoring rapid growth. ii) Find the time required to perform the oxidation, taking rapid growth into account. Do not use oxide growth curves. b) A <100> silicon wafer is oxidised using the following sequence i) 40 mins @ 1000°C in dry O₂. ii) 60 mins @ 1000°C in steam. iii) Etch 0.3 microns of oxide. iv) 20 mins @ 1100°C in dry O₂. Use growth curves to calculate the oxide thickness after each step. Nitride- Silicon Wafer Oxidation: Pad Oxide Oxide Nitride removal: "Bird's beak" [10 1/3 marks] [10 marks] Figure 1. LOCOS process c) The diagram above, Figure 1, shows a fully recessed LOCOS (Local Oxidation of Silicon) process. Explain, with reference to the diagram, how the process is used to produce areas of oxide on a wafer without a subsequent lithography and etch step. [5 marks] d) Discuss five of the features of SiO₂ which account for its widespread use in microelectronics. [5 marks]/nSee Answer
Q3:2) a) A phosphorous doped n-type silicon wafer of 1 92-cm resistivity is subjected to a boron diffusion at a temperature of 1150 °C. A constant surface concentration of 2 x 10¹⁹ cm³ is maintained throughout the diffusion. i) Calculate the background concentration in the wafer. ii) How long should the diffusion be carried out for to obtain a junction depth of 4 microns. iii) Calculate the charge, Q. [15 1/3 marks] b) Describe with the aid of a diagram, a liquid source diffusion system. [5 marks] c) State Henry's Law. Explain why predeposition is performed at the solid solubility limit in industrial practice. [5 marks] excitation: primary ion beam: ot, Art, O, Cst ooooooooooooo Figure 2. SIMS Schematic Diagram analytical signal secondary ions: X*, X, X-Y*, X-Y- not used: neutrals, excited atom d) Figure 2, above, shows a schematic diagram illustrating Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS) Briefly describe the technique. Why would SIMS be a poor method to use to profile dopant concentrations in a multi-quantum-well laser consisting of several ultra-thin layers of different materials? How is this measurement attempted in practice? [5 marks] e) Rapid Thermal Processors use several methods to compensate for higher radiant heat losses at the periphery of the wafer. Briefly discuss one of these methods. [3 marks]See Answer
Q4:= 0+1866XLO 1) a) A bare Si wafer is oxidized in dry O2 at 1100 °C. The desired final thickness is 50 nm. J i) Find the time required to perform the oxidation, ignoring rapid growth. ii) Find the time required to perform the oxidation, taking rapid growth into account. tox Use Deal-Grove equations - do NOT use oxide growth curves. b) A <111> silicon wafer is oxidised using the following sequence i) 60 mins @ 1000°C in dry O₂. ATB 0,065 [10 1/3 marks] ii) 60 mins @ 1000°C in steam. 0.125 iii) Locally etch 0.1 microns of oxide to create a trench. iv) 30 mins @ 1100°C in dry O2. 0.009 Use growth curves to calculate the oxide thickness after each step. [10 marks c) It is possible to determine the thickness of oxide on oxidised wafers by visual inspection. Describe the method and discuss TWO disadvantages of this technique. [5 marks] d) Discuss FIVE of the features of SiO₂ which account for its widespread use in microelectronics. Breack down $h field [5 marks e) Dry oxidation is much slower than wet oxidation. Discuss briefly any advantages to using dry oxides instead of wet oxides. [3 mark -Excellent stable Passivation Excellent and stable Eelectricat Properties If the wet wild is s is day,See Answer
Q5:3. The reaction shown below occurs by a general acid-catalyzed pathway. Please propose a reasonable mechanism for this reaction. Me OH H-B (cat.)See Answer
Q6:1. The SA Water desalination plant in Lonsdale was officially opened in 2013 to assist with fresh water supply during the 2000s drought. As we are no longer drought- stricken in South Australia, the plant currently operates at 10% of its 300 megalitre/day capacity. The sea water feeding the desalination plant along the coast of Lonsdale has a salinity value of 35 grams/litre. The brine (salty water) output from desalination plant is has a salinity of 75 grams/litre. The density of sea water can be assumed to be 1020kg/m3 and the density of the brine as 1050kg/m3. a. Determine the mass flow rates of the brine and pure water streams leaving the desalination plant in kg/hr. [6.125 * 105 kg/hr] b. If the salinity meter used to determine the salt content in the water is accurate to the nearest 1g/L and has a precision level of ±5%, determine the uncertainty in the flow rate of the brine. [Assuming independent ±4.4*104 kg/hr]See Answer
Q7:3. Consider a hot automotive engine, which can be approximated as a 0.6 m high, 0.3 m wide, and 0.9 m long rectangular block. The bottom surface of the block is at a temperature of 90°C and has an emissivity of 0.9. The ambient air is at 23°C, and the road surface is at 28°C. The fluid properties of air are determined at the film temperature and can be found in the tables at the end of the tutorial. a. Determine the rate of heat transfer from the bottom surface of the engine block by convection and radiation as the car travels at a velocity of 60 km/h. [916W] b. If the temperatures were measured with a thermometer accurate to the nearest 1°C, what is the uncertainty in the resultant heat transfer rate? (You may ignore the uncertainties when calculating your fluid properties). [+10W] c. If the speedometer in the car is accurate to the nearest 2km/h, what is the uncertainty in the result? [+11W] [Uncertainties assumed as independent in all cases]See Answer
Q8:4. Given the following experimental observations (errors determined as standard deviations): h₁ = 15 + 1mm (manometer reading) h₂ = 9±1mm (manometer reading) P₁ = 18.6 ± 0.1 psia Q=0.308 ± 0.06 ft³. (min)-¹ V = 1 + 0.05 gal m = 8.2 ± 0.05 lbm Calculate the following derived variables and their best-estimate uncertainties. Present the results in the form of x = x, ± 8x. a. Pressure drop reading from the manometer. AP(mmHg) = h₁ - h₂ [6±1.4mmHg] b. Pressure drop conversion from mmHg to psia. [0.12±0.027psi] c. Pressure ratio: [1.006±0.008794] d. Specific Gravity: SG = Psample Pwater (for liquids) [0.98+0.05] e. Valve sizing coefficient: C₂ = Q * SG So for Qin ΔΡ gal minute and AP in psi [6.7+1.5]See Answer
Q9:Question 9 Not yet answered Points out of 1 P Flag question The product of the nucleophilic substitution reaction below is *SCH₂CH₂ Select one: O a. O b. O C. CH₂CH₂CH₂SCH₂CH₂ S-CH₂-CH; CH₂-CH-CH₂ Br ! CH₂CCH, S-CH₂-CH; O d. CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-SH Br CH;CHCH; Previous page ob Quix #4 Next pageSee Answer
Q10:Points out of 1 P Flag question Which of these compounds is a properly named 2° alcohol? Select one: a. 1,3-Propandiol O b. 2-Methyl-3-methyl-3-pentanol O c. 1-Propanol H H- H HH H H H m- -C- O d. 3-Hexanol m H B -- 8 -C- 8 D H -O HH -- Q сSee Answer
Q11:Question 19 Not yet answered Points out of 1 P Flag question What is the major organic product of the following reaction? || CH₂CH₂C-H + H₂ Select one: a. CH₂CH=CH₂ O b. CH₂CH₂CH₂OH OC. CH3CH, CH3 d. CH3CH₂COOH Previous page I Lab Quiz #4 Jump to... Pr Next pageSee Answer
Q12:Question 30 Not yet answered Points out of 1 P Flag question Shown below is a cyclic form of D-glucose. This structure is classified as CH₂OH H HO H ОН H 0 Previous page H OH H OH Select one: O a. a-D-glucopyranose b. b-D-glucofuranose O c. a-D-galactopyranose O d. b - L-glucopyranose a jeSee Answer
Q13:Question 38 Not yet answered Points out of 1 P Flag question What is the relationship of these compounds to each other? I. H- COOH HO- CH₂ COOH HOM -он -OH CH₂ Select one: II. HO- HO COOH CH₂ III. a. Compounds II and III are enantiomers; compound I is not related to II and III. O b. Compounds I and II are enantiomers; III is a diastereomer of I and II. c. Compounds I and II are enantiomers; compound III is not related to I and II. Od. These three compounds are not relate other, they only look similar.See Answer
Q14:Question 5 Not yet answered Points out of 1 Flag question The molecule below is D-o-CH Select one: O a. butyl methyl ether O b. butyl ether c. cyclopropyl methyl ether d. a hemiacetal O d.See Answer
Q15:10:01: X ||| O b 0 c. O d. H H но- H HO H HO HO H HO Via Web Browser Н Jump to... Previous page H CH₂OH -Н -OH -Н -ОН CH₂OH | Lab Quiz #4 COOH -Н OH H -OH CH OH CH₂OH -Н -OH -Н -OH CH₂OH ..1 56: E8 32 в о Next pageSee Answer
Q16:1. Atoms, ions, and molecules are the three types of particles that make up matter. How are they similar? How are they different? Share at least 3 similarities and/or differences in your response. Point form is acceptable. [3 marks]See Answer
Q17:6. Draw a Lewis structure for each of the following compounds. Make sure your diagram clearly distinguishes the type of bonding. Label your structure as "ionic" or "covalent." If it is covalent, identify the single, double, and triple bonds, if present. [12 marks] (Note: both ionic and covalent types have been included.) a. CF4/nb. N₂H2 c. NI3 d. CaCl2See Answer
Q18:7. What effect does temperature have on states of matter. Use your knowledge of particle theory to describe how to move between the states of matter and the effect of forces on the particles. You may choose to draw a diagram to explain your thinking. [3 marks]See Answer
Q19:15. The following observations were made during a chemical reaction involving three unknown metals. Analyze the table to help you answer the questions that follow. [5 marks] Reaction Metals Reaction with hydrochloric acid with water Unknown A Unknown B Unknown C No reaction No reaction The reaction occurred immediately within 1 minute. A large amount of gas was produced and released. Some bubbles were observed on the surface of the metal after 2 minutes. Reaction with vinegar Immediate production of bubbles on the surface of the metal No reaction There was an immediate, rapid production of Small bubbles formed on No reaction bubbles on the surface of the metal. The entire piece the surface of the meta of metal had reacted within 5 minutes. a. List the metals in order from most reactive to least reactive. b. Write a short statement justifying the order of your list. c. If all of the metals were located in the same period on the periodic table but in different groups, which would have the highest group number? Explain your answer with a short statement related to periodic trends.See Answer
Q20:17. Calculate the number of moles for the following questions. Pay attention to significant figures. Show your work. [6 marks] a. 2.70 × 10³ g of water (H₂O) b. 1035 g of lead (Pb)See Answer

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